The short reign of Lodewijk Napoleon as king of Holland, ended on 9 July 1810. As king he had opposed a strict trade embargo against England. The results of this embargo were disastrous for Amsterdam: in 1810 not many ships came to the port - about 200 - but in 1811 there was not a single one. Unemployment rose sharply, in a city where already one third of the population were baggers. Napoleon wanted to ensure that he could plan an invasion of England knowing that the continental coast was well protected. So in 1811 he came to inspect the Dutch harbours. He visited the harbours of Vlissingen (Flushin) and Middelburg, and went on to Amsterdam via Utrecht. In Amsterdam he was greeted by an enthusiastic crowd, on 9 October. He then went to the naval harbour at den Helder in north Holland.