City falls under the rule of a large state (see paper for its definition)
@en
City falls under an active parliament
@en
City located on a caravan route (and is not a caravan hub)
@en
Dummy variable indicating whether or not a city falls under the Emirate of Granada
@en
City is located at a river
@en
City has a form of self-governance
@en
City falls under Ottoman rule
@en
City is the seat of a bishop
@en
City is one of the four holiest cities in Islam (Jerusalem, Damascus, Mecca or Medina)
@en
City hosts a university
@en
City hosts a madrassa
@en
City is a capital city
@en
City is located in a country t ...... to DeLong and Shleifer (1993)
@en
Dummy variable indicating whet ...... orth Africa (including Turkey)
@en
City located on a crossing of at least two roman roads
@en
City is located at sea
@en
City is the seat of an archbishop
@en
City is located on a crossing of at least two caravan routes
@en
City located on a roman road (and is not a hub)
@en
Dummy variable indicating whether or not a city falls under muslim rule
@en
Dummy variable indicating whether or not a city is located on the Arabian Peninsula
@en
Dummy variable indicating whether or not a city is the seat of an archbishop
@en
Dummy variable indicating whether or not a city is the seat of a bishop
@en
Dummy variable indicating whether or not a city is a capital city
@en
Dummy variable indicating whet ...... of at least two caravan routes
@en
Dummy variable indicating whet ...... ute (and is not a caravan hub)
@en
A city’s “Christian foreign urban potential” – see Bosker et al. for its full definition
@en
A city’s “Christian foreign ur ...... paper for its full definition
@en
Name of the city (sometimes containing different names used in different time periods)
@en
city identifier created from short city name and rounded latitude and longitude
@en
City population in 1000s, only reported when the city has at least 10,000 inhabitants
@en
Total population of all cities ...... n a 0 – 20km range (thousands)
@en
Total population of all cities ...... n a 0 – 20km range (thousands)
@en
Total population of all cities ...... n a 0 – 20km range (thousands)
@en
Total population of all cities ...... a 20 – 50km range (thousands)
@en
Total population of all cities ...... a 20 – 50km range (thousands)
@en
Total population of all cities ...... a 20 – 50km range (thousands)
@en
Total population of all cities ...... a 50 – 100km range (thousands)
@en
Total population of all cities ...... a 50 – 100km range (thousands)
@en
Total population of all cities ...... a 50 – 100km range (thousands)
@en
City population in 1000s, only reported when the city has at least 5,000 inhabitants
@en
Dummy variable indicating whether or not a city has a form of self-governance
@en
Country (defined on 1990 boundaries) a city is located in
@en
Dummy variable indicating whet ...... (see paper for its definition)
@en
Distance to the nearest city falling under Christian rule
@en
Distance to the nearest city falling under Muslim rule
@en
distance to Byzantium (Constantinople) in kms
@en
Distance to the nearest city w ...... s falling under Christian rule
@en
Distance to the nearest city with at least 10,000 inhabitants falling under Muslim rule
@en
distance to Jerusalem in kms
@en